5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine Decitabine CAS: 2353-33-5

5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine, also known as Decitabine, is an epigenetic modifying agent that has been used in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) since its approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2006. This product is a nucleoside analog of cytidine that incorporates into DNA and RNA, leading to the inhibition of DNA methyltransferase and subsequent hypomethylation of DNA, which can result in the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes and the induction of cell differentiation.

Chemical name: 4-Amino-1-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one Molecular formula: C8H12N4O4 Formula weight: 228.21 g/mol CAS No: 2353-33-5

Top ten keywords from Google and synonyms:

1. Decitabine: The chemical name for 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine.
2. Dacogen: The trade name for 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine.
3. Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS): A group of disorders characterized by ineffective production of blood cells.
4. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML): A cancer of the blood and bone marrow.
5. DNA methyltransferase: An enzyme responsible for adding methyl groups to DNA.
6. Hypomethylation: A reduction in the amount of methyl groups attached to DNA.
7. Tumor suppressor genes: Genes that help regulate cell growth and prevent tumors from forming.
8. Epigenetic modifying agent: A substance that can alter gene expression without changing DNA sequence.
9. Nucleoside analog: A compound that mimics the structure of a nucleoside, which is a building block of DNA and RNA.
10. Cell differentiation: The process by which a less specialized cell becomes more specialized in its function.

Health benefits of this product: Decitabine has been shown to be effective in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by inducing cell differentiation and reactivating tumor suppressor genes. It may also have potential applications in the treatment of solid tumors and other hematological malignancies.

Potential effects: Decitabine can cause myelosuppression, which is a decrease in the number of blood cells produced by the bone marrow, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Other potential side effects include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and fever.

Product mechanism: Decitabine works by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase, which leads to hypomethylation of DNA. This can result in the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes and the induction of cell differentiation, which can inhibit cancer cell growth.

Safety: Decitabine should only be administered under the supervision of a healthcare professional who is experienced in the use of chemotherapeutic agents. Patients should be closely monitored for signs of myelosuppression and other potential side effects.

Side effects: Decitabine can cause myelosuppression, which can result in anemia, infections, and bleeding. Other potential side effects include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, fever, and diarrhea. Rare but serious side effects include acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and liver failure.

Dosing information: Decitabine is typically administered intravenously over a period of several days, with treatments repeated every four weeks. The dose and duration of treatment may vary depending on the patient's condition and response to therapy.

In conclusion, 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine (Decitabine) is an epigenetic modifying agent that has shown promise in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Its mechanism of action involves the inhibition of DNA methyltransferase, which can lead to the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes and the induction of cell differentiation. However, it can cause myelosuppression and other potential side effects, and should only be administered under the supervision of a healthcare professional who is experienced in the use of chemotherapeutic agents. Further research is needed to explore its potential applications in the treatment of other types of cancer