7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, also known as SN-38, is a potent antitumor agent derived from the natural compound camptothecin. It is a topoisomerase I inhibitor that works by preventing DNA replication and cell division, thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth. This product has been extensively studied for its anticancer properties and has shown promising results against various types of cancers.
Chemical name: (S)-10-Hydroxy-7-ethylcamptothecin
Molecular formula: C22H20N2O5
Formula weight: 392.41 g/mol
CAS No: 86639-52-3
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Health benefits of SN-38:
SN-38 has been primarily used as a chemotherapy drug to treat different kinds of cancers, such as colorectal, ovarian, lung, pancreatic, and gastric cancer. The mechanism of action of this product is to inhibit DNA replication by binding with the enzyme topoisomerase I, which helps in unwinding DNA during replication. The inhibition of this enzyme results in the accumulation of single-stranded breaks in DNA, leading to the death of cancerous cells.
Potential effects:
SN-38 has shown potential anticancer activity against various tumor cell lines. It has also exhibited synergistic effects when combined with other chemotherapeutic agents, such as irinotecan, cisplatin, and etoposide. In preclinical studies, SN-38 has demonstrated efficacy against multidrug-resistant tumors and has shown an ability to overcome resistance. Moreover, it can be administered orally or intravenously, making it a versatile drug option.
Product mechanism:
The main mechanism of action of SN-38 is to inhibit topoisomerase I, an enzyme that is essential for DNA replication. The inhibition of this enzyme leads to the buildup of single-strand breaks in DNA, which causes the reproduction process to stop. This results in the death of cancerous cells. Besides this, SN-38 also induces apoptosis or programmed cell death, which further contributes to its anticancer activity.
Safety:
Like all chemotherapy drugs, SN-38 has some potential side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, fatigue, fever, and hair loss. However, these symptoms can be managed with proper medical intervention. SN-38 can also cause damage to the bone marrow, leading to a decrease in white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. As a result, patients may develop anemia, bleeding disorders, and infections. Therefore, regular blood tests are necessary during chemotherapy to monitor blood counts.
Side effects:
The most common side effects associated with SN-38 are gastrointestinal issues, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Other side effects include fatigue, hair loss, anorexia, and fever. More severe side effects include neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia, which can increase the risk of infections and bleeding.
Dosing information:
The dosage of SN-38 depends on the type and severity of cancer being treated, the patient's age, overall health, and other factors. It is typically given intravenously, and the dose may vary based on the individual patient's response to treatment. The standard dosage range is between 100-350 mg/m2 once every three to four weeks, and the maximum dose is 1250 mg/m2.
Conclusion:
SN-38 has shown impressive potential as an antitumor agent and is widely used in chemotherapy regimes for various cancers. Its mechanism of action, which involves inhibition of DNA replication, has shown good results in clinical trials. Although this product has potential side effects, they can be managed, and the benefit outweighs the risks. Overall, SN-38 is an excellent option for treating cancerous cells and is rapidly becoming a go-to drug in the field of oncology.
