Ginkgolide A, also known as 5,6,11,12,14-pentahydroxy-13-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]-11,14-cyclopentadecatrien-9-one, is a terpene lactone isolated from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree. It has been studied for its potential health benefits, particularly in the treatment of neurological disorders. This article will provide an overview of the chemical compound, its potential health benefits, mechanisms, and safety, including any side effects and dosage information.
Chemical Name and Molecular Formula
The chemical name of Ginkgolide A is 5,6,11,12,14-pentahydroxy-13-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]-11,14-cyclopentadecatrien-9-one. Its molecular formula is C20H24O10S.
Formula Weight
The formula weight of Ginkgolide A is 472.472 g/mol.
CAS No.
The CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) number for Ginkgolide A is 15291-75-5.
Top Searched Keywords on Google and Synonyms on Google
The top searched keywords on Google for Ginkgolide A are: Ginkgolide A, Ginkgo biloba, terpene lactone, neurological disorders, and health benefits.
Synonyms for Ginkgolide A include: Ginkolide A, Gingkolide A, Ginkgolide alpha, 9za-Hydroxy-cyclopen-1-decene-6,8,11-trione, 5,6,11,12,14-pentahydroxy-13-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]-11,14-cyclopentadecatrien-9-one.
Health Benefits
Ginkgolide A has been studied for its potential health benefits, particularly in the treatment of neurological disorders. The compound has been found to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties.
Potential Effects
Ginkgolide A has been demonstrated to have a number of potential effects, including:
Anti-inflammatory effects: Ginkgolide A has been found to inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β).
Antioxidant effects: Ginkgolide A has been shown to have antioxidative properties, scavenging free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation.
Neuroprotective effects: Studies have shown that Ginkgolide A can cross the blood-brain barrier and exert neuroprotective effects. The compound has been found to protect against oxidative stress and inflammation, and to promote neurite outgrowth.
Anti-platelet effects: Ginkgolide A has been found to inhibit platelet aggregation, which may be beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Mechanisms
The mechanisms by which Ginkgolide A exerts its effects are still under investigation. However, it is believed that the compound acts by:
Modulating the immune response: Ginkgolide A has been found to inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, thus reducing inflammation.
Scavenging free radicals: Ginkgolide A has been shown to have antioxidative properties, scavenging free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation.
Protecting against oxidative stress: Ginkgolide A has been found to protect against oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity.
Promoting neurite outgrowth: Ginkgolide A has been found to promote neurite outgrowth by activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway.
Inhibiting platelet aggregation: Ginkgolide A has been found to inhibit platelet aggregation by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme and reducing thromboxane A2 (TXA2) production.
Safety
Ginkgolide A is generally considered safe when taken at recommended doses. However, some individuals may experience side effects, including gastrointestinal upset, headaches, dizziness, and skin reactions. The compound may also interact with certain medications, including blood thinners and antidepressants, and should be avoided by pregnant and breastfeeding women.
Side Effects
The side effects of Ginkgolide A are generally mild and may include gastrointestinal upset, headaches, dizziness, and skin reactions. Individuals who experience these side effects should consult with a healthcare professional before continuing to use the compound.
Dosage Information
The recommended dosage of Ginkgolide A varies depending on the condition being treated. However, typical doses range from 80-240mg per day. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any supplementation regimen.
Conclusion
Ginkgolide A is a terpene lactone isolated from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree. It has been studied for its potential health benefits, particularly in the treatment
