Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabiphorol, or Δ8-THCP CAS number 51768-60-6Tetrahydrocannabiphorol, or Δ8-THCP, is the chemical name. In this structural isomer of THCP, the double bond is located at position eight rather than nine in the cyclohexene ring. The location of a single double bond is the sole chemical difference. (6aR,9R,10aR)-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-heptyl-6a,7,9,10a-tetrahydrobenz[
] might be its IUPAC. (double bond between C8 and C9) chromen-1-ol. CAS number 51768-60-6 is the number. Since Δ8-THCP is not found in significant amounts in nature, it is either synthesized from Δ9-THCP or by isomerization processes, which is how Δ8-THC is created from Δ9.
The formula 342.51 g/mol in weight (the same as THCP)
Comparable/Competitive Items: Regarding Δ9-THC, Δ8-THCP is comparable to Δ8-THC. In terms of potency and effects, it is often likened to Δ9-THCP. Additionally, it competes in the high-potency market and is sometimes included to specialty mixes. There isn't much of a commercial distinction; often, companies just refer to both isomers as "THCP." Some may compare the somewhat different impact profile of Δ8-THCP to that of THC-O or others. In conclusion, its delta-9 counterpart is its primary "competitor." Health advantages: Although Δ8-THCP's possible medicinal advantages have not been directly studied, it is anticipated to be comparable to Δ9-THCP, if maybe a little milder (assuming its effects are truly a little less strong). Among the possible advantages are hunger stimulation, anti-nausea, and pain relief. For some who find Δ9-THCP too intense, Δ8-THCP could be helpful; it might provide a little milder high while still being more potent than standard THC. Some anecdotal accounts may indicate that Δ8-THCP is less anxiety-inducing if it follows the Δ8-THC trend. This might be advantageous for medicinal users who want significant pain treatment without requiring as much mental strain. However, they are hypothetical; at this time, Δ8-THCP would only be used experimentally or incidentally for health purposes. Possible Psychotropic and Non-Psychotropic Effects: Although it is believed to be somewhat less powerful than Δ9-THCP, Δ8-THCP is unquestionably psychotropic. For most users, the delta-8 isomer of normal THC is between 50 and 75 percent as powerful as delta-9. Although precise data aren't available, it's possible that Δ8-THCP has a little lower binding affinity or effectiveness at CB1, which would make its high somewhat less strong (for example, if Δ9-THCP is 33x THC's binding, Δ8-THCP may be significantly lower). The effects of Δ8-THCP are generally described by users as being quite powerful, but a little more lucid than those of Δ9-THCP. Euphoria, relaxation, and perceptual improvements are probably all part of the psychoactive profile, although there may be a minor increase in functionality or a decreased propensity to cause anxiety. Non-psychotropic effects: like any strong CB1 agonist, it will still cause dry mouth, red eyes, and increased hunger. In the same way that Δ8-THC is often described as being more body-relaxing, it is possible that Δ8-THCP may tilt more toward body effects. Let's be clear, though: "clear-headed" is a relative term since Δ8-THCP is still quite strong and may intoxicate people severely. While some people believe delta-8 variations to be significantly shorter-acting, the duration of action should be comparable to that of Δ9-THCP, if not slightly shorter. Without any empirical evidence, it is reasonable to presume that Δ8-THCP has effects similar to those of THCP, but maybe needing a slightly higher dosage to reach the same level of intensity. Product Mechanism: Binding of CB1/CB2 Receptors Like Δ9-THCP, Δ8-THCP works via agonism of the CB1 and CB2 receptors. Δ8 isomers often have a somewhat lower affinity for CB1 than their Δ9 counterparts, which is where the difference resides in binding affinity. For instance, Δ8-THC has a slightly greater (weaker binding) CB1 Ki than Δ9-THC. If this ratio is maintained, Δ8-THCP may theoretically have an affinity of around 20 times that of THC rather than 33 times. It probably still has a strong CB2 binding. The location of the double bond affects the molecule's shape; Δ8 may not fit the CB1 receptor precisely as Δ9 does, which results in a modest decrease in effectiveness. Essentially, however, once bound, Δ8-THCP will limit neurotransmitter release and activate G-proteins in the same way. Similar to Δ9-THCP, it is a strong partial agonist. Its metabolism will result in the production of similar metabolites, such as 11-hydroxy-Δ8-THCP. There is no proof that the isomerization causes significant differences in metabolism. Thus, Δ8-THCP may be seen as "nearly the same as THCP, but requiring slightly more to achieve the same receptor occupancy" from a mechanistic perspective. A "clearer" high (less overpowering peak impact) might be explained by Δ8-THCP having slightly lower CB1 effectiveness, which means that even if it binds, it could activate the receptor somewhat less efficiently. Data from functional assays and binding would be required to validate these subtleties. Security: It is thought that Δ8-THCP and Δ9-THCP have almost identical safety profiles. The danger of acute over-intoxication may be somewhat reduced if it is, but considering how strong both are, that difference is negligible. Intense psychoactivity raises all the same issues. Since there are no particular research on Δ8-THCP's toxicity, it is safe to conclude that it doesn't have any particular organ toxicity. There may be less complaints of panic because Δ8-THCP may have a somewhat greater threshold for anxiety. However, it depends on the person and is hypothetical. Uncertainties persist due to a paucity of research: may Δ8-THCP produce marginally distinct metabolites that persist? The same care should be used in the absence of data. Since isomerization is also used in its production, leftover compounds may pose a safety risk in subpar goods. Ultimately, all of the safety concerns associated with THCP (cardiac strain, mental consequences, etc.) are valid since Δ8-THCP involves the introduction of a very strong CB1 agonist into the body. One possible safety "plus" is that users may have less severe panic episodes if Δ8-THCP does lower anxiety, but this is not a guarantee and should not be relied upon. In conclusion, use the same care while handling Δ8-THCP as you would with THCP. Adverse Reactions: Strong intoxication, anxiety (which is still possible, but less common), cognitive impairment, dry mouth, lack of coordination, and other adverse effects will also resemble those of THCP. According to certain anecdotal reports from early users, Δ8-THCP may provide a little milder high and less jitteriness, which may indicate a slightly lower risk of paranoia or a racing heart. If accurate, that could result in a little less anxiety-related adverse effects. However, at large dosages, it may still produce drowsiness, vertigo, and all the other traditional negative effects of cannabis. It's also plausible that Δ8-THCP might be particularly hunger-inducing (though any THCP will do that), since some people report that delta-8 derivatives stimulate their appetite more than the high. Any variations in the adverse effect profile between Δ9-THCP and Δ8-THCP are, at best, negligible in the absence of hard evidence or many user complaints. In practice, one should anticipate the same adverse consequences as those mentioned above with THCP. Guidelines for Dosing: Dosing guidelines for Δ8-THCP are similar to those for Δ9-THCP, maybe with a little upward modification. For novices, 1-2 mg of Δ9-THCP can be equivalent to 2-3 mg of Δ8-THCP. However, it's advisable to start low nonetheless out of caution since people may not notice the change. So maybe: A moderate dosage may be ~3-5 mg; a high dose could be 5-8 mg. If 2 mg is comfortable, start there. A very small number of individuals should ever take more than 10 mg of Δ8-THCP. To put it another way, think of it as about 20% less powerful than THCP, but still much more potent than ordinary THC. Many THCP-containing goods don't even distinguish between the delta-8 and delta-9 isomers; if a product is branded "THCP," it can be a mixture. To be safe in such situation, just adhere to the THCP dosage instructions. The length and onset are about the same (maybe delta-8 impacts a little lighter or slower). Titrate cautiously as usual, and allow enough time between doses. The overall idea is only a few milligrams, but the dose difference is fine-tuning. For example, a user may feel wonderful after taking 10 mg of a conventional delta-9 edible; the same person may need only around 2 mg of delta-8-THCP to have the same effect. Thus, measurement is essential. Additionally, keep in mind that the effects of Δ8-THCP and Δ9-THCP will stack if you combine them (some products may include both). Contraindications: There is no difference between this medication and Δ9-THCP. Δ8-THCP should also be avoided by the same categories (pregnancy, cardiac problems, etc.). One may argue that if someone is adamant about taking a THCP and has minor anxiety, they could pick Δ8-THCP instead of Δ9-THCP in the hopes of experiencing less anxiety. However, this does not remove the contraindication; those with anxiety disorders still run the risk of experiencing a negative response. Therefore, we continue to advise against it for those with severe mental or medical disorders, children, expectant mothers, etc. They should be handled equally; there is no special situation in which Δ8-THCP would be permitted but Δ9-THCP would not. Legality: In terms of law, Δ8-THCP and Δ9-THCP are often interchangeable. Any legislation that prohibits "THCP" or "tetrahydrocannabiphorol" in the US would include both isomers. If a rule solely mentions "delta-9" analogs, delta-8 forms may, in fact, sometimes evade exact phrasing. However, the majority of regulations are sufficiently general to cover any position isomer. Δ8-THCP is just as unscheduled at the federal level as Δ9-THCP. In order to prevent misunderstanding with delta-9 THC in lab findings (because various tests may label it differently), some providers label their THCP as delta-8. Legally speaking, however, the analog act is very similar to THC and does not care where the double bond is. State-by-state, the issue is the same: both are prohibited in states that forbid THC analogs. It's important to note that although some jurisdictions specifically prohibit delta-8 THC by name, they often do not specify the double bond location for THCP. However, when Δ9-THCP is present, it is safer to presume that Δ8-THCP is prohibited. The same is true internationally: it is regulated since it is a THC analog. One isomer would be lawful in every area, but not the other. Therefore, the THCP legal status article above may also be used here. In conclusion, Δ8-THCP is included in most talks under the THCP umbrella and does not provide a special exception or more stringent regulation. Warm Keywords for the search: Delta-8-THCP, Δ8-THCP vs. Δ9-THCP, THCP isomers, effects of Delta-8 THCP, legal THCP analogs, strength of Delta-8 THCP, and safety of Delta-8 THCP
HHCV (9(R)-Hexahydrocannabivarin) CAS: 2891843-80-2
Hexahydrocannabivarin, the hydrogenated analogue of THCV, has the following structural formula. Take note of the saturated cyclohexane ring (no double bond) and the propyl side chain (3 carbons, on the right), which is shorter than in HHCP.
9(R)-Hexahydrocannabivarin (HHCV or HHC-V) is the chemical name. This chemical is Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) in its completely hydrogenated form.
Simply put, THCV, which contains a double bond, becomes HHCV when hydrogen is added to break the double bond. In 1942, renowned cannabis scientist Roger Adams created it for the first time.
long before it was recently brought to the market, along with other HHC analogs. It contains a propyl side chain (C3) rather than the pentyl of THC or the heptyl of THCP, as indicated by the "varin" suffix.
Weight in formula: 288.43 g/mol
Number of CAS: 2891843-80-2
Similar/Competitive Products: HHCV belongs to the varin class and is comparable to HHC, which is the hexahydro form of THC. As a result, it is often compared to other hydrogenated cannabinoids like HHC and HHCP (longer chain). THCV is its direct natural counterpart (discussed next). THCV itself and other minor variant cannabinoids, such as CBDV (cannabidivarin), which is not psychoactive, are products that may be seen as comparable. As a specialty molecule, HHCV may be regarded as an exotic cannabinoid along with HHC-O or PHC, although its closest competitors are THCV (non-hydrogenated) and, to a lesser degree, HHC. Health Benefits: HHCV (and similar varin chemicals) may have some intriguing biological activity, according to early study. Some antineoplastic activity against pancreatic cancer cell lines was discovered in an in vitro research conducted in 2022 that looked at the anti-cancer qualities of many saturated cannabinoids, including HHCV.
According to cell culture studies, this shows that HHCV may prevent certain tumor cells from proliferating, however this is extremely early. Furthermore, one can question if HHCV maintains any of the established advantages of THCV, such as appetite control and perhaps glycemic management. It's unclear, however, whether HHCV would help with diabetes or weight control in the same manner because of its different pharmacology (it's weaker at CB1). It could have anti-inflammatory properties by acting as a weak CB2 agonist. However, there are currently no direct investigations on the therapeutic benefits of HHCV in humans or animals. Any suggested health advantages are purely hypothetical. If animals exhibit "weak cannabinoid-like effects" from HHCV
Wikipedia.org
For conditions like pain or nausea, it could not be particularly helpful since it doesn't substantially activate CB1. Conversely, the lack of psychoactivity may be advantageous in certain situations; for instance, it may provide some of the anti-inflammatory or neuroprotective effects of cannabinoids without making users intoxicated. Similar to THCV's promise in metabolic syndrome, HHCV may also be studied for its ability to reduce fat or regulate cholesterol. However, no such advantages have been shown as of yet. The aforementioned anti-proliferative action in cancer cells is the only partially proven advantageous characteristic, and it merits further investigation. Possible Side Effects (Psychotropic and Non-Psychotropic): At normal dosages, HHCV is said to have very little psychoactive effects, if any.
Wikipedia.org
. It demonstrated "weak cannabimimetic activity" in animal experiments, which means that even when given, it did not potently produce the usual THC-like effects. Low affinity or effectiveness at CB1 receptors is probably the cause of this. As a result, HHCV is often referred to as minimally psychoactive or non-psychotropic. Although pure HHCV is uncommon since it is often combined with other cannabinoids, those who have tried it report that it is far less strong than THC or HHC. Non-psychotropic effects might include minor physical relaxation or subtle anxiolysis (anxiety reduction), but again, these would be minimal. Some people could experience a tiny shift in their brain or a relaxing feeling, but not a true "high." Some have compared the impact profile of HHCV to that of a very low dosage of THC or to CBD with a very little amount of THC, describing it as more functional and clear-headed. When used with other cannabinoids, it could provide a synergistic entourage effect that might mitigate their effects. In a mix, for example, HHCV may provide a layer of calm without adding to the intoxication. Psychotropically, HHCV may only have effects at greater dosages, and even then, they may only be mild mood enhancement or relaxation. Usually, it doesn't result in severe euphoria, notable alterations in perception, or impairment. It probably does not significantly increase hunger or induce couch-lock since it is weak at CB1; ironically, if it behaves similarly to THCV, it may even somewhat reduce appetite. In conclusion, HHCV is one among the most "functional" cannabinoids since its effects are primarily non-psychoactive; it is probably appropriate for daytime usage or for those seeking a mild high. CB1/CB2 Receptor Action Product Mechanism: Based on mechanistic analysis, HHCV seems to have a much lower binding affinity and/or effectiveness at CB1 than either THC or HHC. We probably retain a low affinity scenario by hydrogenating THCV to HHCV since THCV is known to be a CB1 receptor antagonist or low-efficacy agonist at low dosages (the propyl side chain naturally yields lower CB1 affinity than pentyl). Furthermore, the way it interacts with the receptor may change if the double bond is removed. It's possible that HHCV functions at CB1 as an antagonist or perhaps a partial agonist. It may prevent stronger agonists by occupying the receptor without significantly activating it. If this is true, taking HHCV combined may theoretically lessen the effects of THC (much how THCV may control the effects of THC). Since many hydrogenated cannabinoids still exhibit respectable CB2 activity, HHCV may have a modest affinity at CB2 receptors. Any reported anti-inflammatory or anticancer signals may be explained by this. Therefore, HHCV may affect CB2 (immune cells, peripheral organs) more than CB1. As a consequence, there may be some side effects but little psychoactivity (CB1 brain effects). Additionally, HHCV probably interacts with additional targets in some way. For example, it may affect endocannabinoid metabolism or bind to PPAR receptors weakly, as certain cannabinoids do. But the main explanation for why it isn't intoxicating is that there isn't much agonism at CB1. Similar to THC/HHC, HHCV would undergo metabolism, most likely producing 11-hydroxy-HHCV (should it oxidize) and other metabolites. However, little is known about metabolism. All things considered, HHCV works as a very weak cannabinoid receptor agonist (or antagonist), particularly at CB1, producing little traditional effects. Safety: In comparison to the other chemicals reviewed, HHCV seems to have a rather benign safety profile. There is little chance of experiencing acute psychological symptoms (anxiety, paranoia, etc.) since it doesn't substantially activate CB1. Beyond "weak activity," no notable harmful effects were seen in 1940s animal experiments, suggesting a comparatively substantial safety margin. There is no proof that HHCV causes any organ damage or negative side effects. Even at large dosages, it is probably safe, much like other cannabinoids. It may be challenging to determine its safety since it is often used with other cannabinoids, but when taken alone, one can anticipate little to no rise in heart rate, no significant changes in blood pressure, and no severe central nervous system depression. However, any safety concerns would center on potential interactions: if HHCV indeed inhibits CB1, someone who uses THC for, say, acute nausea may discover that HHCV lessens the effects of THC. In certain medical circumstances, that can be seen negatively (or positively if seeking to minimize the high caused by THC). However, that is more effective than safe. Unknown effects might arise at very high doses of HHCV (far higher than what one would typically take), although it is more probable that one would experience declining rewards than new risks. Although it is hypothetical, persistent CB1 inhibition may upregulate receptors if HHCV behaves in that manner. persistent usage has not been investigated. One possible safety benefit is that HHCV may help with weight reduction if it is taken as an appetite suppressant, as THCV has been shown in trials. However, like any weight loss supplement, abuse or overuse of HHCV in this capacity would need monitoring. Apart from the normal caution that applies to any uncontrolled cannabis product (ensuring purity, etc.), HHCV seems to have a solid safety profile with a minimal risk of acute or chronic damage. As usual, because there are no official studies, we should continue to be on the lookout for any unforeseen problems, although none have emerged as of yet. Side Effects: HHCV has minimal and moderate side effects. Users seldom ever experience the usual THC-like side effects since it is just mildly psychoactive. If consuming a lot, one may feel a little tired or have dry mouth, although these side effects are far less severe than those of THC. HHCV may actually lessen some of the negative effects of other cannabinoids. For example, by inhibiting CB1, it may lessen the chance of THC-induced anxiety or an accelerated heartbeat. Common side effects, if taken alone, may be mild, such as a little relaxation that may cause a little sleepiness or, on the other hand, a tiny alertness (THCV at low dosage may be alerting). A stimulated, clear sensation is mentioned by certain THCV users; HHCV would not have the same impact. Since THCV is known to inhibit hunger at certain levels, this may be a side "effect" (or advantage, depending on goal).
Not feeling as hungry might be an unintentional side effect for some people with HHCV, since they may share that feature to some extent. However, in contrast to potent THC, HHCV is unlikely to cause anxiety, memory loss, severe coordination problems, or dry or red eyes. The side effect profile of HHCV may actually be more similar to that of CBD than THC: low risk of anxiety, a slight possibility of diarrhea or upset stomach if taken orally in large quantities (as some people have experienced with high doses of CBD oil), and possibly a slight lowering of blood pressure (which in rare cases can cause lightheadedness). However, most users would likely not notice anything at all since they are hypothetical. One known fact is that HHCV probably has little adverse effects when used normally since it demonstrated very little psychoactivity in animals. Again, since it has little effects on the CB1 receptors that are responsible for the majority of adverse effects, it is perhaps one of the most side-effect-free cannabinoids. Therefore, it is safe to assume that, at typical dosages, there will be little, if any, obvious adverse effects, other than maybe a slight change in appetite or energy. Dosing recommendations: Since HHCV is a more recent product, recommendations are still being developed, however the dosage is less important in terms of preventing intoxication. Compared to HHCP or THCP, dosages are often greater in milligrams due to its lack of potency. A typical dosage of HHCV, for instance, would be in the tens of milligrams as opposed to single digits. A beginning dosage for HHCV isolate can be between 10 and 20 mg to see whether there are any effects (many people may not feel anything at 10 mg). For some people, a modest dosage of 25–50 mg may result in mild concentration or relaxation. Experimental use of large dosages (50–100+ mg) is permitted, but caution should be used in case of any unanticipated side effects (e.g., at extremely high doses it begins displaying some cannabinoid action like drowsiness). Practically speaking, HHCV is often added to formulas rather than used alone, therefore dosage usually depends on the amount in a mix. When utilizing a product that has been labeled with HHCV content (for example, a vape cart with 20% HHCV), the user may not measure it specifically; instead, they will just record the whole experience. The unsaturated form of THCV, for example, is often dosed between 10 and 20 mg to have observable effects on mood and appetite, whereas greater dosages (50+ mg) are required to produce psychoactivity. Due to its weakness, HHCV may need comparable or higher dosages to produce effects. Due to its subtlety, microdosing HHCV (e.g., 1–5 mg) is unlikely to have any subjective effects; instead, any benefit would be biochemical (e.g., modest CB1 blockage). To control the high, some people may mix tiny amounts of HHCV with THC (a "buffer"). But there isn't a set routine. There is less need to worry about overshooting and reaching too high in terms of safety since doing so with HHCV probably merely results in no further benefits or, if done in excess, some couch-lock. However, it's wise to start at around 10 mg and work your way up if you're not sure how you'll respond. It's also important to note that since HHCV requires large dosages, it is often taken in concentrated edible form or by inhalation, where the effects are somewhat stronger because of direct bloodstream absorption. A few puffs in a vaporizer might provide many milligrams. Oral dosages may need to be higher to have an impact since first-pass metabolism may remove a portion due to its lack of activity. In conclusion, the dosage for HHCV is usually an order of magnitude bigger than that of HHC/THC: consider tens of milligrams instead of single digits, and use cautious titration mostly to prevent product waste rather than a terrible high. Contraindications: Due to its mildness, HHCV has fewer contraindications. But to be thorough:
Despite not being intoxicating, HHCV is nevertheless not advised during pregnancy or breastfeeding because of the unidentified risks to the fetus or unborn child. The general rule is to avoid using any cannabinoid while pregnant or nursing since it may interfere with development or end up in breast milk.
Those who must abstain from all cannabinoids: HHCV is still a cannabinoid even if a person is unable to have any in their system (for example, because of a history of cannabis sensitivity or a drug test at work). It may appear on certain drug tests even if it doesn't provide a high (although normal tests search for THC metabolites; HHCV may not generate a positive unless the test is wide). In any case, those in zero-tolerance circumstances should stay away from it.
Individuals using certain medications: HHCV may have a little effect on liver enzymes (CYP450), similar to other cannabinoids, although there is no known clear contraindication. Until more information is available, anyone using critical dosage medicines (such as blood thinners or anti-seizure drugs) should exercise caution while using any cannabis, including HHCV.
Youth: Due to their growing endocannabinoid systems and brains, teenagers should not be given cannabinoids that interact with CB1/CB2, even when they are not psychoactive.
During tasks that demand optimal performance: It is preferable to avoid taking a risk by introducing anything new if someone has to be in an optimal cognitive state (exams, heavy equipment operation, etc.) since HHCV may produce mild relaxation or attention alterations. Although HHCV is experimental, it's best to be cautious than sorry. Nevertheless, it probably won't affect driving or operating machines.
Otherwise, illnesses like heart issues or anxiety disorders are not highly prohibited since HHCV does not stress the heart or mind the way powerful cannabinoids do; in fact, it may be tolerated in such groups. No promises can be made, however it may really help with anxiety rather than hurt it. In conclusion, HHCV is one of the most accessible cannabinoids for those who are unable to tolerate the effects of THC since it has no obvious contraindications, with the exception of general caution about pregnancy and unidentified medication combinations.
Legality: Although HHCV's legal status is still mostly unknown, it probably belongs to the same category as other cannabinoids produced from hemp.
United States (Federal): No federal statute specifically mentions HHCV. HHCV may be regarded as an analog of THCV or THC as it is a derivative of THCV, which is not specifically scheduled but may be seen by the DEA as a tetrahydrocannabinol due to its structural similarity to THC. However, manufacturers assert that if the Δ9-THC level is less than 0.3%, it is lawful under the Farm Bill since it may be made from hemp (CBD → Δ8-THCV → HHCV, presumably). Similar to HHC, HHCV has been found in items that are offered online, suggesting that it is de facto legal. HHCV has not been particularly addressed by the DEA. As a result, HHCV falls under the category of "hemp-derived cannabinoids" that are not delta-9 THC on a federal level. Since it isn't psychotropic and isn't often abused, it may be even more hidden. The DEA may decide not to give it any priority at all. Accordingly, if made from hemp, it might be considered federally lawful (unscheduled) with the Analogue Act's caution (albeit the analogue argument weakens if it's not used to get high since it must be meant for human consumption to trigger).
United States (State): Intoxicating cannabis are the focus of the majority of state legislation that prohibit Delta-8 and other substances. Since HHCV isn't intoxicating, it could not be specifically prohibited anyplace just yet since politicians aren't aware of it. Nevertheless, some states have worded their prohibitions to include "any cannabinoid derivative" that isn't found in nature or all "tetrahydrocannabinol homologues." For instance, if a state outlaws THCV (some may see THCV as a THC variation to outlaw, even if many did not name it), then HHCV may also be covered. However, it is doubtful that any state statute specifically mentions HHCV. Given that it doesn't provide a high and hasn't attracted notice, it's most likely legal in the majority of states. THCV and HHCV may unintentionally be included in states that prohibited "all isomers of THC," although usually they meant Delta-8, Delta-10, etc. Theoretically, HHCV might be covered under a state's wide analog statute that covers anything that binds CB1, although enforcement would be uncommon because to its lack of psychoactivity. If HHCV is found naturally, it may be included in cannabis extracts in jurisdictions where cannabis is legal (while THCV is found naturally, HHCV is not, therefore any HHCV in dispensaries would have to come via processing). As of 2025, no state is known to impose explicit restrictions on HHCV. Practically speaking, HHCV is currently either legal or uncontrolled in the majority of US states.
Internationally, HHCV is seldom known anywhere else. However, HHCV, a synthetic analog of THCV, would probably be regarded as an illegal substance in areas with stringent analog legislation since THCV is a naturally occurring compound in cannabis and is regarded as a restricted cannabinoid in the same class as THC in many countries. Although HHCV's lack of psychoactivity may paradoxically exclude it from definitions of "psychoactive substances" such as the UK's PSA, the UK also outlaws all cannabinol derivatives under the Misuse of Drugs Act. In the EU, for instance, any novel cannabinoid may be regarded as a new psychoactive drug. Since HHCV is regarded as a cannabis derivative, it would probably be unlawful to import or sell it in Europe or other countries. Nevertheless, enforcement would rely on analog provisions since it isn't on any timetables. Something that isn't mistreated could not be a concern for some nations. But just to be cautious, unless a government specifically permits non-THC cannabinoids (which few do beyond CBD), consider that HHCV is prohibited outside of the US. Since HHCV is illegal outside of regulated channels (which do not exist for it), countries like Canada, Australia, Japan, and others have laws governing cannabis that ban all lump varin cannabinoids. Therefore, one should regard it as controlled worldwide by default, even if it is probably freely marketed in the US (and maybe in certain online international gray markets).
Hexahydrocannabivarin, HHCV cannabinoid, HHCV vs. THCV, HHCV effects, HHCV potency, HHCV legality, HHCV advantages, HHCV disadvantages, and HHC-V are some of the best search terms.
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabivarin, or THCV CAS: 31262-37-0
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) is the chemical name. Small amounts of this naturally occurring cannabinoid may be discovered in certain strains of Cannabis sativa, especially some African sativas.
The alkyl side chain of THCV contains three carbons (propyl) rather of five (pentyl), but otherwise it is structurally comparable to Δ9-THC.
(6aR,10aR)-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-propyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydrobenzo[c]chromen-1-ol is its IUPAC designation.
Number of CAS: 31262-37-0
Although it may be made from hemp by chemical conversion or manufactured for study, it is not synthetic since it is a plant-derived cannabinoid. Because of its distinct pharmacology in comparison to THC, THCV attracted attention.
Weight in formula: 286.41 g/mol
Similar/Competitive Products: Although THCV is a minor cannabinoid found in the majority of plants, it is often mentioned alongside THC and CBD as another significant cannabinoid family. Because of its alleged special properties (such as vigor and hunger suppression), it is sometimes sold in tincture or vape form. Because of its possible metabolic effects, it competes with stimulants and nutritional supplements, yet it is unique in the marijuana market. Although CBDV (cannabidivarin) is not psychotropic, it could be comparable to another varin. In order to balance effects, THCV is sometimes marketed with Delta-8 or Delta-9 THC. Only a few more psychoactive propyl cannabinoids are known to exist, with the exception of THCVP, an uncommon variant of THCP. Therefore, THCV's market niche is rather unique; in fact, because of its effects, people often equate it to stimulants or weight-loss aids. Health advantages: Research has shown a number of possible health advantages of THCV. Notably, its effects on metabolism and appetite are being investigated. Low dosages of THCV have been shown to reduce hunger and promote fullness.
making it a viable option for treating obesity or managing weight. Additionally, in animal models, it has been shown to enhance glycemic control; in one research, it had favorable effects on lipid and glycemic indices in diabetic mice.
According to a tiny human trial, THCV improved glucose control in diabetic patients, suggesting that it may help regulate blood sugar and be helpful in type 2 diabetes. In a mouse research, THCV also showed antipsychotic effects.
It was able to reverse the effects of PCP-induced psychosis in rats, suggesting that it might be used as an antipsychotic or as an adjuvant treatment for schizophrenia. THCV also has anti-inflammatory qualities. In some tests, it has been shown to lessen pain and inflammation via activating CB2 receptors.
maybe helpful for ailments like arthritis. There have also been suggestions of neuroprotective qualities (some research in Parkinson's models showed THCV might benefit because of its CB2 agonism and CB1 antagonism, protecting neurons). Since THCV may inhibit CB1, it may also help with anxiety at low dosages (some individuals find it relaxing or concentrating). It is dose-dependent, however, since at large dosages it may act like THC and induce anxiety. Another area is epilepsy; CBD is well-known for this, but THCV's effects are less well-known, however it's possible that it influences seizure activity because of CB1 regulation. All things considered, THCV is often marketed as having advantages over THC in terms of diabetes, weight reduction, and mental clarity. Although research on these possible advantages is ongoing, THCV seems to be a viable medicinal agent in those areas. Possible Side Effects (Psychotropic and Non-Psychotropic): THCV is special since the dose affects how it works. THCV is mostly non-psychoactive at low dosages (e.g., 5–10 mg) or even functions as a CB1 antagonist, which means it may inhibit or counteract THC's psychoactive effects.
Users often report feeling more awake or clear after taking tiny doses of THCV, sometimes along with a little decrease in appetite. At these dosages, there is often no "high"—in fact, one may feel more concentrated. THCV starts to produce psychoactive effects at greater dosages (e.g., 20-30+ mg), however these effects vary from those of THC. Many people describe the THCV high as being clear-headed and short-lived. Though not as strong as THC, it may provide a little pleasure and mental stimulation. Some refer to it as a "functional high" since it is energizing and uplifting without being too sedative or couch-locked. It may have more of a buzz similar to that of caffeine mixed with subtle THC-like effects. Crucially, THCV's high usually doesn't cause severe anxiety or paranoia in most users (though not all do), and it wears off more quickly—perhaps two to three hours—than THC's, which lasts for four to six hours for equivalent dosages. One of THCV's non-psychotropic effects is appetite suppression; at high dosages, THCV seems to reduce hunger, in contrast to THC, which causes cravings.
A person on THCV may actually forget to eat for a bit, which is a noticeable change. At modest dosages, THCV may also elicit mild stimulation (more energy, quicker mental flow), which is more closer to a sativa-like effect. However, since it partially becomes a CB1 agonist, THCV may produce THC-like effects, such as elevated heart rate and impaired coordination, at very high doses (e.g., very large intakes seldom done outside laboratories). However, in practice, most individuals will either take moderate amounts (mild, short-lived high) or low doses (no high, just benefits). Another impact that some people have mentioned is that THCV may lessen the intensity of THC's high. When taken with THC, its antagonist activity may, to some extent, lessen intoxication or paranoia. The interest in the "entourage effect" includes this modulatory effect. THCV is generally non-intoxicating in small doses, with noteworthy non-psychoactive effects including hunger and metabolic impact. It is psychoactive only at greater dosages, producing a clear, energetic, and brief high. Pharmacology of THCV is dose-dependent (CB1/CB2 Receptor Binding and Action). When THCV is present at low concentrations, it is known to function at the receptor level as a competitive antagonist or a very ineffective partial agonist at CB1 receptors.
To put it another way, it may bind to the CB1 receptor and inhibit it without significantly activating it. Because of this, it can virtually stop CB1 activation by blocking the effects of stronger agonists like THC. Though not as well as THC, THCV starts to activate CB1 receptors on its own as its concentration rises. THCV turns into a partial CB1 agonist at large dosages.
indicating that, while less effectively, it will trigger the receptor. Because of this, it may mimic certain THC effects at large dosages. THCV is either a partial or complete agonist for CB2 receptors (some research indicate it has moderate potency at CB2).
Its anti-inflammatory properties are probably influenced by CB2 activation. Because the shorter side chain interacts with the binding pocket less strongly than the longer one, THCV has a somewhat lower affinity for CB1 than THC.
Generally speaking, molecules with 3-carbon side chains have a far lower affinity than those with 5-carbon side chains, which explains their lower psychoactivity. According to Citti et al., THCP (7-carbon) had a much greater affinity than THC (5-carbon), whereas THCV (3-carbon) had a significantly lower affinity. The reason for THCV's peculiar profile as both an antagonist and an agonist depending on the situation is that it doesn't bind CB1 as firmly and, even when it does, it doesn't activate it strongly until taken in large amounts. It has also been shown that THCV indirectly affects 5-HT1A serotonin receptors and maybe certain TRP channels, suggesting that it may interact with additional targets. However, CB1 modulation (antagonism at low dosage, partial activation at high dose) and CB2 activation are the primary mechanisms that are now understood. Many effects may be explained by this: partial agonism at CB1 at high dosages results in modest psychoactivity, and inhibiting CB1 suppresses hunger since CB1 activation promotes appetite. Through microglial regulation, CB2 activation has anti-inflammatory and perhaps antipsychotic effects. Because it has the ability to both stimulate and inhibit the endocannabinoid system, THCV is really biphasic. At low dosages, this characteristic is comparable to the prescription medication Rimonabant, a CB1 antagonist used to treat obesity that has been removed, and at large dosages, it is somewhat similar to THC. Safety: Based on current research, THCV seems to have a decent safety profile. THCV was well tolerated in human testing with no significant side effects (e.g., limited clinical trials in diabetic patients at dosages of 10 mg daily). Compared to THC, it has a lower risk of acute psychiatric events since it doesn't produce a powerful high at therapeutic dosages. Important safety information: It doesn't seem to be a major source of anxiety on its own; in fact, at low doses, it may lessen anxiety by inhibiting CB1. Additionally, since it is an antagonist, it may not produce as much tachycardia as THC. However, the same safety concerns of cannabinoids apply at large dosages when it works similarly to THC (it might induce quicker heart rate, etc.). No signs of organ toxicity are seen. Because THCV is a neutral antagonist/partial agonist rather than a strong inverse agonist, and because it also activates CB2, which may counterbalance mood concerns, it did not produce the suicidality or depressed mood problems that were a problem with Rimonabant (a pure CB1 inverse agonist). Some safety advantages include the fact that it isn't known to increase hunger or weight—in fact, it has the opposite effect, which may be good for metabolic health. There is no proof that THCV is addictive or leads to dependency; on the contrary, inhibiting CB1 would lessen the activation of the reward system. Tolerance would not develop as it does for THC since it mostly inhibits CB1 at normal dosages (some even argue taking THCV might lessen tolerance to THC by giving receptors a rest). Nevertheless, if large dosages are taken often (where it functions as an agonist), tolerance to those agonist effects may develop. Studies and anecdotal use of THCV have not shown any significant side effects. Although it seems to be self-limiting, very large dosages may potentially cause THC-like overdose effects (anxiety, etc.). THCV is regarded as generally safe, and further research into its potential as a treatment supports its tolerance. It is by no means the most dangerous cannabinoid in terms of safety, although the usual precautions still apply (don't combine with strong sedatives at large doses, etc.). Side Effects: THCV's side effect profile at low to moderate dosages is actually often the opposite of THC's: rather than boosting appetite, it reduces it, which some may consider a negative consequence (for example, someone who uses cannabis to get munchies may find THCV unproductive). It may take a few hours following THCV for someone who wasn't anticipating it to recognize that they aren't hungry. Additionally, some users say that pure THCV makes them feel "wired" or makes it hard for them to go asleep if they take it late. This is probably because of its stimulant-like, clear-headed effects. In contrast to THC, which generally relaxes individuals, THCV may actually encourage alertness, therefore if taken too late in the day, sleeplessness may be a side effect. Conversely, when taken in large quantities, it may have the usual adverse effects of cannabis, such as elevated heart rate, moderate psychoactivity, dry mouth, and red eyes. However, since THCV's effects wear off more quickly, these high-dose negative effects last less time. There have been sporadic reports of dizziness, which may be due to a modest drop in blood pressure (CB1 blockage may produce orthostatic hypotension temporarily). High amounts of THCV may still cause anxiety or paranoia in certain vulnerable people, although usually not as much as THC. Another potential side effect is the suppression of THC's effects when taken together. This isn't exactly a direct side effect, but if someone has THCV in their system and expects to get high from THC, they may be let down (or vice versa, if expecting THC's medical effect like anti-nausea, THCV could reduce it). Additionally, there isn't known withdrawal symptoms like with THC if someone uses a lot of THCV and then stops, but theoretically, if THCV use causes the body to upregulate CB1, stopping abruptly could make the endocannabinoid system a little overactive (just conjecture; no known withdrawal symptoms). The negative effects of THCV are essentially moderate and include excitement, appetite loss, and maybe mild dizziness. With the exception of large doses, which cause short-term cognitive impairment, it doesn't cause excessive sedation. THCV is being investigated as a treatment because many people believe its effects are rather benign and have few drawbacks. Guidelines for Dosing: The expected result determines how much THCV should be taken. Studies and anecdotal data indicate that a dosage of 5–10 mg of THCV is useful for controlling hunger and weight or for promoting focused, clear thinking.
Although one shouldn't feel high at this level, they can experience a little increase in alertness and a decrease in appetite. Human studies using 10 mg once or twice day have shown advantages for metabolic or therapeutic effects (e.g., diabetes) without significant psychoactivity. A THCV "high" or other psychoactive effects need greater dosages, perhaps 20–30 mg or more. Customers who have used pure THCV vape cartridges often complain that the high is still low and fleeting even after many puffs, which may provide tens of milligrams. For noticeable euphoria, a purposeful high intake is often required. As a result, the threshold psychoactive dosage may be 10–15 mg (very small effects), 20–30 mg for moderate psychoactivity, and 50+ mg for significant psychoactivity. However, unless one is intentionally exploring, it is typically unnecessary to get so high since 50 mg of THCV will probably act roughly like a significant dose of THC (with extra price, because THCV is uncommon). A lot of products combine THCV with THC or CBD; in these situations, the dosage may be designed to maximize the combined effects. For instance, a vaporizer with 20% THCV and 60% delta-8 THC may allow a user to dose according to THC yet experience a different profile due to the THCV component. One may take around 10 mg of THCV in addition of their THC dosage if they are utilizing it to alleviate the cravings or sedation caused by THC. One might utilize a THCV isolate product at around 25 mg by itself if they want to get high. If you're not sure how you'll respond, it's best to start with 5–10 mg. You won't probably feel drunk, but you may notice changes in your mood or appetite. If you want to feel its psychoactivity, then increase to 20+ mg at a later time. Users often feel comfortable experimenting up to very large doses of THCV because of its strong safety margin and lack of sedative properties, but be aware that after around 50 mg, you may just experience diminishing results or begin to experience some THC-like adverse effects. Another thing to consider is bioavailability. If taken orally, THCV may have an oral bioavailability of 4–12%, which is comparable to that of THC. Therefore, an oral intake of 10 mg may seem quite modest. With a lesser dosage, vaping or sublingual administration may provide a more rapid response. Many people discover that smoking THCV has an effect that lasts for a little while. For long-lasting effects (such as suppressing hunger throughout the day), a slowly-releasing consumable or pill may be a good option. However, THCV is often seen in combined tinctures or vapes in the consumer market. Therefore, adjust the dosage to the format. In summary, take 5–10 mg for health and 20–30 mg for a little high. Make adjustments as necessary, keeping in mind that you probably won't feel "high" at all until you take 10–15 mg; instead, you'll experience other mild effects. Contraindications: Although THCV is generally safe, there are several situations in which vigilance or avoidance is necessary:
People with anorexia or wasting disorders: Because THCV inhibits appetite, it should not be used in patients who need more food (such as those with anorexia nervosa or cancer cachexia). For them, THCV would be harmful since it would neutralize the appetite-stimulating effects of THC.
People who are underweight or have eating disorders: In a similar vein, THCV may make eating disorders or difficulties maintaining weight worse by further suppressing appetite.
Patients using appetite stimulants: It could counteract the effects of their drugs.
This one is a little more complicated: schizophrenia or psychotic illnesses. According to some study, THCV may aid psychosis by opposing CB1.
Clinical studies verifying safety in these individuals are lacking, nevertheless, and any cannabinoid may be dangerous for a patient with schizophrenia. People with current schizophrenia or a history of psychosis are typically advised to use cannabis with caution until more information is available. For them, THCV could be safer than THC, but it's not advised without a doctor's supervision.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Avoid using cannabis during pregnancy and lactation, as you should with all cannabinoids. Although the effect of THCV on fetal development has not been investigated, it is wise to stay away from it since it alters appetite and metabolism.
Children and adolescents: THCV's CB1 antagonistic effects may have unidentified effects on developing bodies and minds. Minors should avoid using it since it is not recommended for use in children (though it may be used in an experimental context for severe epilepsy or something).
THCV may reduce blood sugar in diabetics, which is a benefit for those with low blood sugar or using diabetes medications.
A person without diabetes or using sugar-lowering drugs may have moderate hypoglycemia. Although it has little impact, taking THCV may cause blood sugar levels to drop even more if you are susceptible to hypoglycemia or are using insulin or diabetic medications. It would be preferable to see a doctor or stay away if you are uncertain since monitoring would be required.
People who need a strong appetite (such as bodybuilders bulking): This is a more specialized situation; if someone wants to eat a lot for sports or recuperation, THCV may interfere, making it unsuitable for their objective, if not medically.
Unlike THC, THCV is not always contraindicated for those with heart issues or anxiety disorders; in fact, since it doesn't produce the same anxiety and racing sensations as THC, it may be more tolerable for such people. However, until they know how they respond, it's usually a good idea to use care.
To put it briefly, if appetite suppression is detrimental to you (or if you are pregnant, etc.), stay away from THCV. As long as it matches their health profile, THCV is an intriguing substitute for THC for many people who are unable to handle it because of anxiety or impairment. It also has less contraindications than THC.
Legality: Like other cannabinoids generated from hemp, THCV is considerably more naturally occurring, although it still falls into a legal gray area.
Federal of the United States: THCV is not included in the CSA. THCV products claim legality under the Farm Bill if they are made from hemp, which naturally contains very little THCV but may be extracted from specialist hemp cultivars or manufactured from CBD. Pure THCV may be regarded as a hemp derivative as it is not Δ9-THC and is usually found in trace amounts (provided any Δ9-THC in the product is under 0.3%). Since THCV isn't often misused (it's not very psychoactive), the DEA hasn't explicitly addressed it. Therefore, THCV is not expressly prohibited at the federal level. Companies in the US are publicly selling it, often promoting it as "100% hemp-derived THCV" in order to comply with the Farm Bill. It is available on the market like CBD and Delta-8, but the FDA has not approved it as a supplement. Therefore, if THCV is synthesized from hemp, it is federally lawful (unscheduled), with the same disclaimer that the DEA may see it as an analog of THC since it is a "tetrahydrocannabinol," albeit that is up for debate. Although THCV is structurally similar to THC, it has different effects and is found naturally in cannabis. THCV is not specifically excluded in the 2018 Farm Bill. Thus, sure, hemp trade is now regarded as lawful.
United States (State): Industry sources indicate that although THCV is lawful in the majority of states, some have outlawed it, usually in conjunction with prohibitions on Delta-8 and other comparable aircraft. THCV is prohibited in states such as Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Idaho, Iowa, Mississippi, Montana, New York, Rhode Island, Utah, and Vermont, according to the list we previously gave.
States that outlawed all "tetrahydrocannabinols" or their analogs are in line with that. In the meanwhile, it is expressly permitted in more than thirty states, including major ones like California, Florida, Texas, and others.
It's conceivable that THCV hasn't even been mentioned in law in many jurisdictions. Some states may not be as concerned about THCV as they were about Delta-8 since it isn't highly intoxicating. For instance, Colorado, which outlawed Delta-8 outside of dispensaries, may be tacitly prohibiting the manufacturing of THCV outside of controlled channels, but it is probably considered as an equal component of the plant within dispensaries. Any THCV found in goods is permitted as a component of cannabis in places where it is legal for adult consumption. Some of those states may prohibit the sale of THCV generated from hemp outside of their regulated market. As of mid-2024, around 41 states permit THCV, while approximately nine states prohibit it, according to the Exhale Wellness data we saw.
The majority of those prohibited are the same as those in the Delta-8 ban states (plus New York because of their unique regulations). In general, THCV is more lawful than Delta-9 THC and is often not expressly prohibited, unlike Delta-8, however one should absolutely verify state legislation. But be careful: THCV may theoretically be included in the general word "tetrahydrocannabinols," which is used in certain state legislation. Another concern is enforcement, which is probably uncommon because of THCV's minimal potential for misuse.
International: Since THCV is classified as a "cannabis extract" under international law, it is prohibited in nations where cannabis is prohibited. Theoretically, THCV might be found in extracts in nations where medicinal cannabis is legal (for example, GW Pharma conducted research on THCV for diabetes in the UK). However, because THCV is regarded as a chemical that is similar to THC, no nation has a special regulation for it. For example, selling THCV isolation in the EU would probably need innovative food authorization, which does not exist. According to the MDR Act or PSA, any cannabis that has the potential to have psychoactive effects is a restricted drug in the UK. Though the MDR Act Schedule I specifies "cannabinol and cannabinol derivatives," and the UK PSA exempts banned substances, THCV may be regarded as a cannabinol derivative (the Act's definitions are wide and probably encompass it). Without a license, it's probably unlawful. Any separate THCV would be regarded as a cannabis product in Canada and could only be sold as part of cannabis by a licensed merchant. I can't remember whether Health Canada makes a distinction between THCV and THC, but I guess they regulate all concentrations, so they may not give a damn until it's in a big enough quantity. All cannabinoids that have structural similarities with THC are prohibited in countries like Singapore and Japan; THCV would undoubtedly be prohibited as well. Therefore, THCV is often illegal outside of a research or medicinal setting. One potential warning: Although many nations don't specifically schedule THCV, it's reasonable to presume that it's prohibited since most of them use terminology that covers cannabis and its analogs. If THCV isolate was tried to be imported, it would probably be confiscated by customs. Only CBD and maybe trace amounts of non-THC cannabinoids are often permitted in nations with more forgiving hemp legislation; THCV may be seen as a cousin of THC. The US is currently the only nation that publicly distributes THCV products, while there may be some international internet markets from the US as well.
Therefore, THCV is mostly unlawful outside of controlled cannabis programs and mainly legal in the US (with minor state limits).
Tetrahydrocannabivarin, THCV, THCV advantages, THCV weight loss, THCV vs. THC, THCV legality, THCV effects, THCV dose, THCV appetite, other popular search terms
People Also Ask (Professional FAQs)
Q1: What strength differences exist between HHCP and ordinary HHC or Delta-9 THC?
A1: HHCP's longer seven-carbon side chain increases its affinity for the CB1 receptor, making it much stronger than both HHC and Δ9-THC.
Practically speaking, HHCP can be two to three times more potent than HHC and noticeably more potent than Delta-9 THC. Users frequently find that 5 to 10 mg of HHCP produces an intensity comparable to perhaps 20 to 30 mg of Delta-9 THC, and its effects also last longer. The 9(R)-HHCP isomer binds to CB1 approximately twice as tightly as the potent 9(R)-HHC isomer and about an order of magnitude more strongly than standard Delta-9 THC. Although HHC was already somewhat less effective than THC, HHCP's effects are enhanced by the addition of the longer "phorol" side chain. Therefore, HHCP is stronger than THC; some believe that it is at least 1.5× to 2× THC's potency for the same dosage, even if HHC may be around 70% stronger than THC per dose. Because of this, HHCP is regarded as a "ultra-potent" cannabinoid, whereas Delta-9 THC is the standard and HHC is just moderately powerful. The result is that HHCP will make you feel more inebriated with less than HHC or THC. Because of this increased potency, care should be used while dosage. Q2: Is it CB1 or CB2 receptors that HHCP binds to?
A2: Both cannabinoid receptors are impacted by HHCP. Its powerful agonism at CB1 receptors, which gives it its significant psychoactive effects, is its main characteristic.
Though data are less well-known, it probably also binds to CB2 receptors since it is a cannabinoid analog of THC. THCP and other common THC analogs with longer side chains have shown respectable CB2 affinity.
. We may conclude that HHCP also has a decent affinity at CB2, which is still important even if it may be a little lower than CB1. Any peripheral or anti-inflammatory effects would be facilitated by HHCP's stimulation of the CB2 receptor. The CB1 EC50 for the 9R and 9S isomers was the main focus of the research that assessed HHCP activity.
However, HHC analogs usually also exhibit considerable CB2 agonism (regular HHC, for instance, exhibits noticeable CB2 activity). Therefore, HHCP binds both CB1 and CB2, with CB1 binding explaining its strong high and CB2 binding indicating that it could have some analgesic or immunomodulatory effects outside of the central nervous system. It may have an anti-inflammatory impact on the body via CB2, although users wouldn't notice "CB2 effects" consciously (no high from that). To sum up, HHCP is not CB1-selective; it interacts with both cannabinoid receptors, however its primary effects strongly favor CB1 activation. Q3: Can HHCPO create lung problems as THC-O acetate did, or is it okay to vape?
A3: When vaping HHCPO (HHCP-O-acetate), caution is highly recommended. HHCPO also has an acetate ester group, much as THC-O-acetate does. According to studies, heating cannabis acetates may result in the production of ketene, a very poisonous gas that can harm the lungs.
One of the main suspects in the 2019 EVALI lung damage cases connected to vitamin E acetate was ketone production. According to a recent study, smoking THC-O, an acetate, is likely to produce ketene at standard vape temperatures.
Chemically speaking, HHCPO would act similarly, splitting off and forming ketene when the acetate group is pyrolyzed (about 300°C). Even at extremely low concentrations, ketene may induce severe chemical pneumonitis (with delayed onset respiratory failure) by acylating lung proteins. As a result, breathing in HHCPO vapor may pose a major danger to lung health.
It's probably as dangerous as breathing in THC-O, at the very least. Although there is a chance of injury, some users may have done it without any immediate consequences. Oral ingestion (edibles or tincture) is a safer method of using HHCPO since it doesn't entail heating, which prevents the creation of ketene. In summary, using high heat to vape HHCPO is probably not safe since it might cause another lung damage similar to EVALI.
The problem is with the acetate component and what it becomes when heated, not the chemical itself (HHCP once the acetate is eliminated). For this reason, a lot of trustworthy sellers either advise against or don't offer acetates for vaping. Therefore, even though there isn't much evidence on HHCPO specifically, the conclusion drawn from THC-O research is that vaping HHCPO is not safe since it may produce ketene and cause lung damage. Q4: Will THCP use appear on a drug test in the same manner as THC?
A4: Since normal cannabis drug tests usually identify metabolites common to THC usage, it is quite probable that THCP will result in a positive test result. Your body breaks down THCP when you take it, and some of the molecules that are produced are comparable to the metabolites of THC (for instance, 11-nor-9-carboxy-THCP may have a structure that is extremely similar to that of 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC, which is the main target of many urine tests). A variety of THC metabolites are intended to be detected by standard immunoassay urine testing for marijuana.
They often undergo cross-reactions with any material that has a molecular structure. The liver's CYP enzymes will create hydroxylated and carboxylated metabolites of THCP since it is a close analogue of THC. These metabolites will probably have the same core structure as THC metabolites, with a slightly longer side chain. In confirmatory testing (GC-MS or LC-MS), a lab could theoretically distinguish between THCP's specific metabolite and THC's, but unless they're specifically looking for THCP (which most wouldn't, since it's uncommon), they might just report it as a THC positive because it falls under the cannabis metabolite category. Many immunoassays probably don't distinguish that difference and would flag it as positive for "THC." To put it another way, you should anticipate failing a THC drug test if you take THCP. Since THCP and THC are comparable, it is plausible to predict similar retention durations and metabolite profiles in testing, even if there isn't much published data on THCP metabolism yet. Additionally, you may use less THCP since it is more powerful, but even a little quantity might produce metabolites that can be detected for days. Therefore, THCP is not a safe substitute to eva
