Lonafarnib Sarasar, also known as SCH 66336, is a drug that belongs to a class of compounds known as farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs). Its chemical name is 4-[4-[4-[4-[[(2S)-2-aminopropyl]amino]phenyl]azo]phenyl]amino]-2-chloro-N-methylbenzamide, and it has a molecular formula of C27H28ClN7O and a molecular weight of 537.0 g/mol. The CAS number for Lonafarnib Sarasar is 193275-84-2.
When searching for popular keywords and synonyms of Lonafarnib Sarasar, terms such as FTI, cancer treatment, progeria treatment, and cell cycle regulation come up frequently. These terms imply that Lonafarnib Sarasar has various health benefits, potential effects, and mechanisms of action.
Health Benefits of Lonafarnib Sarasar
Lonafarnib Sarasar has been studied in various clinical trials for its potential to treat different types of cancer. In particular, it has shown promise in treating cancers that have mutations in the Ras gene, such as pancreatic cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Ras mutations are found in up to 30% of human cancers and are associated with increased tumor growth, resistance to chemotherapy, and poor prognosis. By inhibiting farnesyltransferase, Lonafarnib Sarasar can prevent the activation of Ras proteins, which can lead to tumor suppression.
Additionally, Lonafarnib Sarasar has been considered as a potential treatment for a rare genetic disease called progeria. Progeria is a condition that primarily affects children and causes them to age rapidly, leading to multiple health problems, such as cardiovascular disease and strokes. Progeria is caused by a genetic mutation that affects the processing of lamin A, a protein that provides support to the nucleus of a cell. Lonafarnib Sarasar can prevent the accumulation of abnormal lamin A proteins, which can lead to the improvement of the clinical symptoms of progeria.
Potential Effects of Lonafarnib Sarasar
In addition to its potential as a cancer treatment and progeria treatment, Lonafarnib Sarasar has also been studied for its potential to regulate cell cycle progression. The cell cycle is a highly regulated process that controls the growth and division of cells. By inhibiting farnesyltransferase, Lonafarnib Sarasar can prevent the activation of certain proteins involved in cell cycle progression, which can lead to cell cycle arrest and potentially the induction of cell death in cancer cells.
Product Mechanism
Lonafarnib Sarasar works by inhibiting farnesyltransferase, an enzyme that adds a farnesyl group to specific proteins, including Ras proteins. Ras proteins are involved in signaling pathways that control cell growth and division. By adding a farnesyl group, Ras proteins become activated and can promote tumor growth. Lonafarnib Sarasar prevents the activation of Ras proteins by inhibiting farnesyltransferase, which can lead to the suppression of tumor growth.
Additionally, Lonafarnib Sarasar can prevent the accumulation of abnormal lamin A proteins, which can lead to the improvement of the clinical symptoms of progeria. In progeria, a genetic mutation affects the processing of lamin A, leading to the accumulation of abnormal lamin A proteins that contribute to the disease's pathogenesis. By preventing the accumulation of abnormal lamin A proteins, Lonafarnib Sarasar can improve the clinical symptoms of progeria.
Safety of Lonafarnib Sarasar
Lonafarnib Sarasar has been studied in various clinical trials, and its safety profile has been evaluated. The most common side effects of Lonafarnib Sarasar include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and diarrhea. Additionally, Lonafarnib Sarasar can cause bone marrow suppression, which can lead to reduced white blood cell count, red blood cell count, and platelet count. This can increase the risk of infections, anemia, and bleeding.
Dosing Information
Lonafarnib Sarasar is typically administered orally in capsule form. The recommended dosage varies depending on the condition being treated and the patient's age and weight. In clinical trials, Lonafarnib Sarasar has been dosed at various levels, ranging from 50 mg to 200 mg per day.
Summary
Lonafarnib Sarasar is a farnesyltransferase inhibitor that has shown promise as a cancer treatment and progeria treatment. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting farnesyltransferase, an enzyme that adds a farnesyl group to specific proteins such as Ras proteins. Lonafarnib Sarasar prevents the activation of Ras proteins, leading to the suppression of tumor growth. Additionally, Lonafarnib Sarasar can prevent the accumulation of abnormal lamin A proteins, leading to the improvement of the clinical symptoms of progeria. While Lonafarnib Sarasar has been evaluated for its safety, it can cause side effects such as bone marrow suppression. It is typically administered orally in capsule form at varying dosages depending on the condition being treated and the patient's age and weight. Overall, Lonafarnib Sarasar has potential as a treatment for cancer and rare genetic diseases, and further studies are needed to evaluate its efficacy and safety.
