PACAP-38 (31-38) is a bioactive peptide that plays a significant role in the regulation of several physiological processes. It is also known as pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 38, which is encoded by the ADCYAP1 gene. PACAP-38 (31-38) is found in various tissues and organs of humans, mice, and rats. This peptide is widely used in research studies to investigate its potential therapeutic effects on different diseases.
Chemical Name:
The chemical name for PACAP-38 (31-38) is H-His-Ser-Asp-Gly-Ile-Phe-Thr-OH.
Molecular Formula:
The molecular formula for PACAP-38 (31-38) is C184H284N50O51S1.
Formula Weight:
The formula weight for PACAP-38 (31-38) is 4215.0 g/mol.
CAS No:
The CAS number for PACAP-38 (31-38) is 138764-85-9.
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Health Benefits of this Product:
PACAP-38 (31-38) has shown promising health benefits in various preclinical and clinical studies. Some of the potential health benefits are discussed below.
Neuroprotective Effects: PACAP-38 (31-38) has shown neuroprotective effects in various neurological disorders, including ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and spinal cord injury. It enhances the survival of neurons and promotes the regeneration of damaged neurons. It also reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the brain and spinal cord.
Anti-inflammatory Effects: PACAP-38 (31-38) has potent anti-inflammatory effects that can reduce inflammation in various inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and asthma. It inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and enzymes that induce inflammation.
Pain Management: PACAP-38 (31-38) has been shown to alleviate pain in various pain models like neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, and migraine. It modulates pain perception by activating the descending pain inhibitory pathway and reducing nociceptive signaling.
Anxiety and Depression: PACAP-38 (31-38) has anxiolytic and antidepressant effects that can be beneficial in the treatment of anxiety and depression. It reduces the release of stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline and enhances the activity of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine.
Cognitive Function: PACAP-38 (31-38) improves cognitive function and memory by enhancing synaptic plasticity, promoting neurogenesis, and increasing the release of neurotransmitters like acetylcholine and glutamate.
Potential Effects:
Apart from the above-discussed health benefits, PACAP-38 (31-38) has several other potential effects that are being studied.
Cardioprotective Effects: PACAP-38 (31-38) may have cardioprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the heart. It also improves cardiac function and decreases infarct size in experimental myocardial infarction.
Gastroprotection: PACAP-38 (31-38) may have gastroprotective effects by reducing gastric acid secretion, increasing mucus secretion, and inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the stomach.
Diabetes: PACAP-38 (31-38) may have antidiabetic effects by improving insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation, and enhancing glucose uptake in peripheral tissues.
Product Mechanism:
PACAP-38 (31-38) exerts its biological effects by binding to three G protein-coupled receptors: PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2. These receptors are widely distributed in various tissues and organs, including the brain, heart, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. The activation of these receptors leads to the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which triggers downstream signaling pathways
